Contoh Preferensi Android

Android shared preference digunakan untuk menyimpan dan mengambil informasi primitif. Dalam android, string, bilangan bulat, panjang, nomor dll dianggap sebagai tipe data primitif.
Preferensi Bersama Android digunakan untuk menyimpan data dalam pasangan kunci dan nilai sehingga kita dapat mengambil nilai berdasarkan kunci.

Hal ini banyak digunakan untuk mendapatkan informasi dari pengguna seperti dalam pengaturan.

Contoh Preferensi Android

Mari kita lihat contoh sederhana dari Android shared preference.

* Main Activity

Seret satu tampilan teks dan dua tombol dari pallete.

File : activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"  
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"  
    android:layout_width="match_parent"  
    android:layout_height="match_parent"  
    tools:context="example.android.com.preferences.MainActivity">  
 
    <TextView  
        android:id="@+id/txtPrefs"  
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"  
        android:text="Data:" />  
 
    <Button  
        android:id="@+id/storeinformation"  
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_below="@+id/showinformation"  
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"  
        android:layout_marginTop="18dp"  
        android:text="Store Information" />  
 
    <Button  
        android:id="@+id/showinformation"  
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"  
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"  
        android:layout_marginTop="17dp"  
        android:text="Show Information" />  
 
</RelativeLayout>  

Selanjutnya array.xml dibuat di dalam direktori res /values.

File : array.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<resources>  
    <string-array name="listOptions">  
        <item>English</item>  
        <item>Hindi</item>  
        <item>Other</item>  
    </string-array>  
 
    <string-array name="listValues">  
        <item>English Language</item>  
        <item>Hindi Language</item>  
        <item>Other Language</item>  
    </string-array>  
</resources>  

Selanjutnya lagi prefs.xm dibuat di dalam direktori res/xml.

File : prefs.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">  
    <PreferenceCategory  
        android:summary="Username and password information"  
        android:title="Login information" >  
        <EditTextPreference  
            android:key="username"  
            android:summary="Please enter your login username"  
            android:title="Username" />  
        <EditTextPreference  
            android:key="password"  
            android:summary="Enter your password"  
            android:title="Password" />  
    </PreferenceCategory>  
 
    <PreferenceCategory  
        android:summary="Username and password information"  
        android:title="Settings" >  
        <CheckBoxPreference  
            android:key="checkBox"  
            android:summary="On/Off"  
            android:title="Keep me logged in" />  
 
        <ListPreference  
            android:entries="@array/listOptions"  
            android:entryValues="@array/listValues"  
            android:key="listpref"  
            android:summary="List preference example"  
            android:title="List preference" />  
    </PreferenceCategory>  
</PreferenceScreen>  

* Activity class

File : MainActivity.java

package example.android.com.preferences;  
 
import android.content.Intent;  
import android.content.SharedPreferences;  
import android.preference.PreferenceManager;  
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;  
import android.os.Bundle;  
import android.view.View;  
import android.widget.Button;  
import android.widget.TextView;  
 
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {  
    TextView textView;  
    @Override  
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);  
 
        Button storeinformation = (Button) findViewById(R.id.storeinformation);  
        Button showinformation = (Button) findViewById(R.id.showinformation);  
        textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtPrefs);  
 
        View.OnClickListener listener = new View.OnClickListener() {  
            @Override  
            public void onClick(View v) {  
                switch (v.getId()) {  
                    case R.id.storeinformation:  
                        Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,PrefsActivity.class);  
                        startActivity(intent);  
                        break;  
                    case R.id.showinformation:  
                        displaySharedPreferences();  
                        break;  
                    default:  
                        break;  
                }  
            }  
        };  
        storeinformation.setOnClickListener(listener);  
        showinformation.setOnClickListener(listener);  
    }  
 
 
    private void displaySharedPreferences() {  
        SharedPreferences prefs = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(MainActivity.this);  
        String username = prefs.getString("username", "Default NickName");  
        String passw = prefs.getString("password", "Default Password");  
        boolean checkBox = prefs.getBoolean("checkBox", false);  
        String listPrefs = prefs.getString("listpref", "Default list prefs");  
 
 
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();  
        builder.append("Username: " + username + "\n");  
        builder.append("Password: " + passw + "\n");  
        builder.append("Keep me logged in: " + String.valueOf(checkBox) + "\n");  
        builder.append("List preference: " + listPrefs);  
        textView.setText(builder.toString());  
 
    }  
 
}  

File : PrefsActivity.java

package example.android.com.preferences;  
 
import android.os.Bundle;  
import android.preference.PreferenceActivity;  
 
public class PrefsActivity extends PreferenceActivity {  
    @Override  
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.prefs);  
    }  
}  

* AndroidManifest

File : AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
    package="example.android.com.preferences">  
 
    <application  
        android:allowBackup="true"  
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"  
        android:label="@string/app_name"  
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"  
        android:supportsRtl="true"  
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">  
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">  
            <intent-filter>  
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />  
 
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />  
            </intent-filter>  
        </activity>  
        <activity  android:name=".PrefsActivity"  
            android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Black.NoTitleBar" >  
        </activity>  
    </application>  
 
</manifest>  

Output :

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